A WINTER WAR
Orders of Battle


Table of Contents


Introduction............................................................................................................................ 1

A Winter War

Finnish Order of Battle......................................................................................................... 2

Western Intervention Force Order of Battle................................................................... 4

Soviet Order of Battle........................................................................................................... 5

Europe Orders of Battle

Finland, 1939-45.................................................................................................................... 8

Estonia,1939-40................................................................................................................... 14

Latvia,1939-40 ..................................................................................................................... 15

Lithuania,1939-40............................................................................................................... 16


Introduction

This booklet contains A Winter War and Europa orders of battle.

The A Winter War Finnish, Western Intervention Force, and Soviet orders of battle are used to play the game. Do not use the other orders of battle to play the game.

The four Europa orders of battle are included for historical interest, for future scenarios, and for eventual use in Europa:

  The 1939-45 order of battle for Finland details all Finnish forces during the Second World War. Note that the order of battle calls for more Finnish counters than are provided in A Winter War. The remainder of these counters appear in Fire in the East and Scorched Earth.

  The 1939-40 orders of battle for Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania detail all the forces of the Baltic countries for the years 1939 and 1940. Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania came under increasing Soviet control from October, 1939 on, and were finally absorbed into the Soviet Union in June, 1940.



Page 2


Orders of Battle


A WINTER WAR
FINNISH ORDER OF BATTLE


INITIAL FORCES, DEC 139

All forces are Finnish unless indicated as:

(FV)                                            Foreign Volunteers

Initial Conditions:

Capital: Place in Helsinki (35:4526).

Factory; Place in Tampere (35:3825).

Forts: 35:4613, 35:4614, 35:4615, 35:4616, and 35:4717.

Rail Capacity: 5 REs per turn.

Airfields: Place 1 permanent airfield at Lappeenranta (35:4318). Place 1 permanent airstrip at Joensuu (35:3613).


Finnish Armed Forces


Kannaksen Army. Place in Finland within three hexes of the Soviet border from 35:4815 to 35:4714.


5x 4-5-6 Rifle XX
1x 1-2-8 Ski X
3x 2-6* Rifle X
1x 1-6* Rifle X
2x 1-8 Ski III
3x 0-1-6 Rifle III
1x 2-6 Art III
1x 1-6 Art III


4, 5, 8, 10, 11 Rv

1, 2,3 4


1-2 J, 3-4 J MLR, RR, UR 2 3


1x 0-1-5 Cons III


Kan


lx 0-6 Lt Arm II                                         1

Place the following unit in hex 35:4717.
1x 0-1-0 Art II                                           SHRT


4th Army Corps. Place in Finland within three hexes of the Soviet border from 35:4510 to 35:3511.


2x 3-4-6* Rifle XX                                  12, 13

1x 1-2-6 Ski III                                         1/KR

1x 1-6* Ski III                                           2/KR

1x 0-1-5 Cons III                                      Kar


Northern Finland Defense Area (later 5th Army Corps). Place in Finland within three hexes of the Soviet border from 35:3411 to 35:0304.

1x 1-2-6 Ski III                                         1/PKR

2x 1-6* Ski III                                           2/LR, 2/PKR

1x 1-6 Ski III                                             1/LR


Coastal Defense Command. Place in Finland in any coastal hexes along the Gulf of Finland, lx 1-6 Rifle III                                                                            A

3x 0-1-6 Rifle III                                      HL, HaL, KL

1x 0-1-8 Cycle III                                     VL

Note: All units of the Finnish Coastal Defense Command may not move until the Dec II 39 turn. (They are guarding the coast against Soviet amphibious landings which never materialize.) Aland Islands Garrison. Place in the Aland Islands Holding Box.

1x 0-1-8 Cycle III                                     TL

High Command Reserves. Place in any hexes in Finland.

1x 4-5-6 Rifle XX                                     6

2x 1-6 Ski III                                             A, 41

lx 1-2-6 Rifle III                                       A

1x 0-6 RR Eng III                                     Yhd

5 pts position AA (4 MPs)


Available Corps HQs.

6x Rifle XXX HQ                                     2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Available Replacements.

2 Infantry

Finnish Air Force

Place at any airbases in Finland.

1x C.X                                     1A3             1/8

1x D.XXI                                3F4             0/6

Finnish Navy

Naval Units.

Place at Turku (35:4230).

BD Umar.

BD Vaina.

Place in the Aland Islands Holding Box.

1x 1 pt River    Flotilla    AA«1            Sisa.

REINFORCEMENTS Conditional Reinforcements Emergency Replacements. Finland may call up its home training forces and civic guards, receiving them as infantry RPs. Once this option is used, all further Finnish regular reinforcements and replacements called for on the OB are forfeited. (Note that this callup does not affect foreign aid or conversions.) For each Finnish dot city that is enemy-owned when these replacements are called up, subtract 1 infantry RP from the allotment. Additionally, if Helsinki is enemy-owned when these replacements are called up, subtract 2 infantry RPs from the allotment. The number of infantry RPs received is variable. Initially, the allotment is 15 infantry RPs, but this decreases as the training establishment is transformed into active units. The Regular Reinforcements schedule lists the number of RPs available for any given turn under the heading * Available Emergency Replacements.*

Example: Finland calls up its emergency replacements on the Dec II 39 turn. Helsinki and all Finnish dot cities are Finnish owned. Finland receives the 21/60 and 22/64 Rifle Regiments as reinforcements and adds 12 infantry RPs to its replacement point total. Finland receives no further regular reinforcements or replacements for the rest of the game.

Partisans. On the "\" turn of each month Finland receives one partisan unit if there are any enemy units inside Finland. Also, for each partisan unit received, the Finnish player may deploy one dummy partisan unit, if any are available. Partisan units (including dummies) are deployed in any hex in Finland that is: a) enemy-owned, b) not occupied by an enemy unit, c) not in an enemy APZOC, and d) not adjacent to a Finnish non-partisan unit. If no such hex is available, the reinforcement is forfeited. Partisans available for deployment:

3x 1-8 Partisan/Ski X                          Karj, Lapin, Savon

6x 1-6 Partisan/Ski X                          KS, Kymen, Pohj,

SH, Turun, Uuden 3x Dummy Partisan Units



Orders of Battle


Page 3


Regular Reinforcements

When reinforcements are received, place them in any cities (except point cities) in Finland, no more than 1 unit per city and no more than 1 unit in the Arctic.


DEC 139

Reinforcements:

1x 6* Rifle HQ                                        A

1x 1-2-6 Rifle III                                     22/65

1x 1-6 Rifle III                                         40

Place the following unit in the divisional box on the Finnish breakdown chart.

1x 3-4-6* Rifle XX                                 9

Replacements: 1 Infantry


Available Emergency Replacements: 13 Infantry

DEC II39

Reinforcements:

1x 1-2-6 Rifle III                                      21/60

1x 1-6 Rifle III                                         22/64

Place the following unit in its box on the Finnish
breakdown chart.

1x 4-6 Rifle XX                                        1

Replacements: 1 Infantry
Available Emergency Replacements: 11 Infantry

JAN I 40

Reinforcements:

1x 1-2-6 Rifle III                                      23/67

2x 1-6 Rifle III                                         21/61, 22/63

Foreign Aid, via Sweden:

1 pt position AA (4 MPs)                     . (from Sweden)

Replacements: 1 Infantry
Available Emergency Replacements;8 Infantry

JAN II 40

Reinforcements:

1x 6* Rifle HQ                                         21

1x 1-6 Rifle III                                         21/62

Place the following unit in its box on the Finnish
breakdown chart.

1x 3-4-6* Rifle XX                                  21

Foreign Aid, via Sweden:

1x 3-8* Ski X                                            RW/1 (FV)

(from Sweden)

Replacements: 1 Infantry

Available Emergency Replacements:1 Infantry

FEB I 40

Reinforcements:

1x 6* Rifle HQ                                         23

2x 1-6 Rifle III                                         23/68, 23/69

Place the following unit in its box on the Finnish
breakdown chart.

1x 3-4-6* Rifle XX                                  23

Convert: 1x 0-6 Lt Arm I11 to:

1x 1-0-8 Arm II                                         1

Foreign Aid, via Sweden (Air Reinforcement):

1x Glad                                    3F3           0/8

(from Britain)

Replacements: 1 Infantry

Available Emergency Replacements: 5 Infantry


FEB II 40

Discretionary Reinforcement:

1x 0-1-5 Nvl Trps III                               Aalt

Note: The Finnish player may take this unit as a reinforcement or forgo it, at his discretion. If this unit is taken, the BD llmar. and the BD Vaina. may not use their gunnery strengths for the rest of the game. They may continue to fire AA.

Replacements: 1 Infantry

Available Emergency Replacements: 5 Infantry

MAR I 40

Foreign Aid, via Sea: lx 0-1-6 Inf X      Sisu(FV)

(from several countries)

1 pt position AA (4 MPs)                     (from Britain)

Foreign Aid, via Sweden (Air Reinforcements): lx Blen 1                                    3A2            1/14

(from Britain)

1x MS.406                            4F5             0/8

(from France)

Replacements: 1 Infantry

Available Emergency Replacements: 5 Infantry


MAR II 40

Reinforcements:

lx 6* Rifle HQ                                          22

1x1-6 Art II                                               RaskT

Place the following unit in its box on the Finnish breakdown chart.

1 x 3-4-6* Rifle XX                                22

Foreign Aid, via Sea:

1x 2-3-6 Inf X                                           UW (FV)

(from Hungary)

1x 1-2-6 Inf X                                           LW (FV)

(from Britain and USA)

Foreign Aid, via Sweden:

Convert: 1x Glad to:

1x G.50                                  3F3             0/8

Note: If the Glad has been eliminated, the G.50 is received as an air replacement. Replacements: 1 Infantry Available Emergency Replacements: 5 Infantry


APR I 40


Upgrade: 1x 1-6* Ski III any, 1x 1-6 Ski III 41, and
1x 1-6 Rifle III 40 (1 inf RP) to:

1x 4-5-6 Rifle XX                                    14

Foreign Aid, via Sea:

1 pt position AA (4 MPs)                     (from Italy)

Foreign Aid, via Sweden:

1x 3-8* Lt Inf X                                       RVV/2 (FV)

(from Sweden)

Convert: 1x G.50 to:


1x F2A-1                                 4F3            0/11

Note: If the G.50 has been eliminated, the F2A-1 is received as an air replacement.

Place the following unit in its box on the Finnish breakdown chart.

1x 7-8 Lt Inf XX                                        RVV (FV)

Replacements: 1 Infantry Available Emergency Replacements: 5 Infantry



Page 4


Orders of Battle


A WINTER WAR

WESTERN INTERVENTION FORCE
ORDER OF BATTLE


Nationalities are as foliows:

(Br)                                           British Empire

(Fr)                                            Metropolitan French

(LE)                                           Legion Etrangere

[French Foreign Legion]


Force Pool

Ground Units.

2x 8-8 Inf XX
2x 7-8 Inf XX
1x 3-8* Inf X
6x 2-8 Mtn III

27 CA, 140,141 (Fr)

1x 2-1-8 Lt Inf III
2x 1-8 Art III

1x 0-2-8 Hv AA III AA=5
1x 1-8 Ski II

lx 0-8 Hv AA II                      AA=1


1  Can, 5 (Br)

42, 44 (Br)

24 Gds (Br)

2  CA, 5 CA, 24 CA,

13 (LE)

301, 302 (Fr)

6 (Br)

5 SGds (Br)

82 (Br)


Available for Breakdown (all Br).

4x 8 Inf HQs
2x 3-8 Inf X
10x 2-8 Inf X

17, 125, 126, 127, 131, 132


1 Can, 5, 42, 44

1  Can, 13

2    Can, 3 Can, 15, , 133


Air Units (both Br).

1x Glad                                  3F3             0/8

1x Blen 1                               3B3            1-2/16

Available Corps HQs.

2x Inf XXX HQs                                        A, B (Br)

1x Mtn XXX HQ                                        CEFS (Fr)


WESTERN INTERVENTION FORCE UNIT IDs: Names and Abbreviations

British:

Blen Blenheim Can Canadian Gds Guards Glad Gladiator SGds Scots Guards

French:

CA Chasseurs Alpins [Alpine Light Infantry] CEFS Corps Expeditionnaire Francais en

Scandinavie [French Expeditionary Corps in Scandinavia]



Orders of Battle


Page 5


A WINTER WAR
SOVIET ORDER OF BATTLE

INITIAL FORCES, DEC I 39

Ail forces are Soviet Regulars unless indicated as:

(f)                                              Soviet Foreign Contingent

(w)                                             Winter-Capable

(NKVD)                                    NKVD

Initial Conditions:

Fortifications: Place in hex 35:4813.

1x 0-3-0* FA X                                      Kar

Rail Capacity: 15 REs per turn.

Airfields: Place 1 permanent airfield each at Petrozavodsk (35:4305) and 35:4608. Place one permanent airstrip each at Kandalaksha (35:1504), Loukhi (35:2104), Ukhta (35:2508), Belomorsk (35:2902), and Medvezhyegorsk (35:3704).

Soviet Armed Forces

Northwest Front.

Seventh Army. Place in the Soviet Union within three hexes of the Finnish border from 35:4915 to 35:4713.


2x 5-6 Rifle XX

24,70

4x 4-6 Rifle XX

43, 90, 123, 138

1x 3-6 Rifle XX

142 (w)

1x 3-6 Rifle XX

49

2x 3-2-8 Tank X

13, 20

2x 3-2-6 Tank X

35, 40

1x 1-2-8* Mot MG X

50

1x 1-6 Rifle III

19

2x 0-1-8 Bdr III

4, 6 (NKVD)

1x 3-2-8 Art X

7

2x 2-6 Art X

19, 50

1x 0-1-5 Cons X

7

1x 1-6 Lt AA III                      AA=2

7

1x 1-6 Eng III

7

Group Grendal (later Thirteenth Army). Place in any

hexes of Leningrad.

1x 4-6 Rifle XX

50

1x 2-1-8 Lt Tank X

1

1x 1-8 Cav III

1

Leningrad Military District Reserves. Stack with

any units of the Northwest Front.

1x 4-2-8 Art X

LVO

1x 2-0-6 Siege Art X

LVO

Northern Front.

Eight Army. Place in the Soviet Union within three

hexes of the Finnish border from 35:4509 to

35:3608.

1x 4-6 Rifle XX

168 (w)

1x 4-6 Rifle XX

18

3x 3-6 Rifle XX

56, 139, 155

lx 3-2-8 Tank X

34

1x 0-1-8 Bdr III

1 (NKVD)

lx 3-2-8 Art X

8

1x 1-6 Lt AA III                      AA=2

8

1x 1-6 Eng III

8

1x 0-5 Cons III

8

Ninth Army. Place in the Soviet Union within three hexes of the Finnish border from 35:3509 to


35:1108.

1x 4-8 Mot XX
2x 4-6 Rifle XX
1x 3-6 Rifle XX
1x 1-6 Rifle III
1x 1-6 Rifle III
3x 0-1-8 Bdr III
1x2-6 Art X
1x 1-6 Eng III
1x 0-5 Cons III


44

54, 163 122

88/273 (w)

529

2, 3, 5 (NKVD)

44                 9 9


Fourteenth Army. Place in the Soviet Union within five hexes of Murmansk (35:0701).

2x 4-6 Rifle XX                                        3, 104 (w)

1x4-6 Rifle XX                                         14


Available Corps HQs (All at their reduced stacking sides).

10x Rifle XXX HQ                                  1, 3, 15, 19, 23,

34, 40, 45, 50, 56


Soviet Air Force

Up to three air units may be placed at any airbases in Estonia. Place all remaining air units at any airbases in the Soviet Union.


1x DB-3b

2B3

1-2/39

lx DB-3t

2B3

2-2/39

1x G-1

1T1

0/11

1x G-2

0T2

0/26

2x 1-152

3F2

0/6

4x 1-153

3F3

0/6

3x 1-16

3F3

0/9

2x l-16/t10

4F3

0/9

2x SB-2

2A2

1-1/16

8x SB-2bis

2A2

1-2/18

1x R-10

1A2

1/12

1x R-5Sh

1A2

1/10

1x TB-3

1T2

1-3/26

Place at any airbases in Estonia or the Soviet Union. 5 pts position AA (4 MPs)


Soviet Navy

Naval Units.

Place at Kronshtadt (35:4916).

1x BB Okt. Rev.

1x BB Marat 1x CA Kirov 1x CL Aurora

Place at Murmansk (35:0701).

1 x DD-Flot.

Ground Units. Place at Kronshtadt (35:4916).

2x 1-6 Marine III                                     VMF/A, VMF/B (w)


The Strategic Reserve

Place in the Strategic Reserve Holding Box.


2x 4-8 Mot XX
1x 5-6 Rifle XX
1 x 5-6 Rifle XX
lx 4-6 Rifle XX
12x 4-6 Rifle XX

52, 53, 75, 77, 81,


25, 95 40 (w)

100 59 (w)

4,11,17, 37, 41, ,97



Page 6


Orders of Battle


1x 3-6 Rifle XX

 

91 (w)

14x 3-6 Rifle XX

 

16, 33, 42, 51, 60,

62, 72, 80, 86,

113, 128,

136, 150, 173

1x 9-6 Art XX

 

1

7x 3-2-8 Tank X

 

24, 28, 31, 32, 33,

39, 51

3x 1-2-8 Para-Inf X

 

201, 204, 214

2x 1-2-6 Rifle X

 

BOS, Dol (w)

3x 3-2-8 Art X

 

9, 13,15

7x 2-6 Art X

 

1, 3, 15, 23, 34,

40, 56

1x 2-1-8 Eng Tank III

 

LVO

1x 1-6 Rifle III

 

8 A (w)

3x 1-8 Cav III

 

5, 102, 116

2x 1-6 Lt AA III

AA=*2

13, 15

2x 1-6 Eng III

 

13, 15

2x 0-5 Cons III

 

13, 15

1x DB-3m

2B3

1-4/34

1x 1-15

2F2

0/6

1x 1-152

3F2

0/6

2x I-16A17

4F3

0/9

1x R-5Sh

1A2

1/10

REINFORCEMENTS

Conditional Reinforcements Karelian Fortified Area. The following conversion may take place in the Soviet initial phase in any turn that hex 35:4714 is Soviet-owned.

Convert: 1x 0-3-0* FA X Kar to:

1x 1-2-6 MG X                                          7 A

1x 0-1-0* FA X                                        Kar

Regular Reinforcements

All units released from the Strategic Reserve and all replaced units are placed at any hexes of Leningrad.


DEC 139


Released from the Strategic Reserve.

2x 4-6 Rifle XX

4, 75

1x 3-6 Rifle XX

150

1x 1-2-8 Para-Inf X

201

1x 1-6 Rifle III

8 A (w)

DEC II39

 

Released from the Strategic Reserve.

1x 5-6 Rifle XX

100

1x 4-6 Rifle XX

41

1x 3-6 Rifle XX

136

1x 3-2-8 Tank X

39

2x 1-2-8 Para-Inf X

204, 214

2x 2-6 Art X

34, 56

1x 1-8 Cav III

5

1x 1-6 Eng III

Place at Petrozavodsk (35:4305).

13

1x 3-6 Rifle XX

1 FNA (f)

Convert: 1x 0-1-8 Bdr III 1 (NKVD)

to:

1x 1-8 Pltcl Pol III

1 (NKVD)

JAN 140

 

Note: Flip any one Corps HQ to its regular stacking side.


Released from the Strategic Reserve.


1 x 4-8 Mot XX

 

25

3x 4-6 Rifle XX

 

11, 17, 52

2x 3-6 Rifle XX

 

33, 62

1x 9-6 Art XX

 

1

1x 3-2-8 Tank X

 

28

2x 2-6 Art X

 

1,3

1x DB-3m

2B3

1-4/34

1x1-15

2F2

0/6

1x 1-152

3F2

0/6

2x I-16A17

4F3

0/9

lx R-5Sh

1A2

1/10

Place at Petrozavodsk (35:4305).

 

1x 2-3-6 Rifle XX

 

3 FNA (f)

Convert: 2x 0-1-8 Bdr III 2, 3 (NKVD) to:

2x 1-8 Pltcl Pol III

 

2, 3 (NKVD)

Convert: 1x 1-153 to:

1x l-16/t18

4F3

0/7

JAN II 40

Note: Flip any one Corps HQ to its regular stacking side.

Released from the Strategic Reserve.


2x 4-6 Rifle XX

 

81,97

5x 3-6 Rifle XX

 

16, 60, 72, 86,

113

lx 3-2-8 Tank X

 

24

1x 1-2-6 Rifle X

 

Dol (w)

2x 3-2-8 Art X

 

9, 13

2x 2-6 Art X

 

15, 23

Convert: 2x 1-6 Marine III VMF/A,

VMF/B (w) fo;

1x 2-6* Marine X

 

VMF/5 (w)

Convert: 2x 0-1-8 Bdr III

4, 5 (NKVD) to:

2x 1-8 Pltcl Pol III

 

4, 5 (NKVD)

Convert: 1x 1-153 to:

1x I-16A17

4F3

0/9

Convert: 1x SB-2 bis to:

1x DB-3m

2B3

1-4/34

FEB I 40

Note: Flip any one Corps HQ to its regular stacking side.

Released from the Strategic Reserve.


1x 4-6 Rifle XX

84

1x 3-6 Rifle XX

51

3x 3-2-8 Tank X

32, 33, 51

1x2-6 Art X

40

1x 1-2-6 Rifle X

BOS (w)

1x 2-1-8 Eng Tank III

LVO

1x 1-6 Lt AA III                     AA=2

13

lx 0-5 Cons III

13

Convert: 1x 0-1-8 Bdr III 6 (NKVD)

to:

1x 1-8 Pltcl Pol III

6 (NKVD)

FEB II 40

Note: Flip any one Corps HQ to its regular stacking side.

Released from the Strategic Reserve.

2x 4-6 Rifle XX                                        37, 77

2x3-6 Rifle XX                                          80,128

2x 1-8 Cav III                                            102, 116



Orders of Battle


Page 7


MAR I 40

Note: Flip any two Corps HQ to their regular stacking sides.

Released from the Strategic Reserve.


1x 4-8 Mot XX

95

1x 3-6 Rifle XX

91 (w)

2x 3-6 Rifle XX

42,173

1x 3-2-8 Tank X

31

1x 3-2-8 Art X

15

1x 1-6 Lt AA III

AA=2 15

1x 0-5 Cons HI

15

NKVD          NKVD, Narodnyi Kommissariat

Vnutrennikh Dei

[People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs, Soviet internal security forces] Okt. Rev. Oktyabrskaya Revolutsiya [October Revolution]

VMF             Voenno-Morskogo Flota [Soviet Navy]


MAR II 40

Note: Flip any two Corps HQ to their regular stacking sides.

Released from the Strategic Reserve.

1x 5-6 Rifle XX                                        40 (w)

1x 4-6 Rifle XX                                        53

1x 4-6 Rifle XX                                        59 (w)

1x 1-6 Eng III                                            15

Place at Petrozavodsk (35:4305).

1x 2-6 Rifle XX                                        4 FNA (f)

APR I 40

Note: Flip any two Corps HQ to their regular stacking side

Optional Order of Battle Modifications

Ski Units.

When using Optional Rule 36C1, modify the Strategic Reserve order of battle as follows: Substitute: for 2x 1-2-6 Rifle X BOS, Dol (w):

2x 1-2-6 Ski X                                            BOS, Dol (w)

Substitute: for 1x 1-6 Rifle III 8 A (w):

1x 1-6 Ski III                                              8 A (w)

10th Tank Corps.

When using Optional Rule 36C3, modify the Soviet initial forces for Seventh Army as follows: Substitute: for 2x 3-2-8 Tank X 13, 20 and 1x 1-2-8* Mot MG X 50:

1x 7-5-8 Tank XXX                                   10

Airborne Units.

When using Optional Rule 36D, modify the Strategic Reserve order of battle as follows:

Substitute: for 3x 1-2-8 Para-Inf X 201, 204, 214:

3x 1-2-5 Para X                                         201, 204, 214

SOVIET UNIT IDs.

Names and Abbreviations

Armed Forces:


A

Armiya [Army]

BOS

Brigada Osobaya [Special Brigade]

DD-Flot.

Destroyer Flotilla

Dol

Dolins [commander's name]

FNA

Finlyandiya Natsionalaya Armiya [Finnish National Army]

Kar

Karelsk [Karelian]

LVO

Leningradskogo Voennoyo Okruga [Leningrad Military District]


Page 8


Orders of Battle


EUROPA ORDER OF BATTLE
FINLAND, 1939-44

INITIAL FORCES, SEP I 39

All forces are Finnish unless indicated as:

(FV)                                           Foreign Volunteers

Initial Conditions:

CapitaI: Place in Helsinki (35:4526).

Forts: 35:4613, 35:4614, 35:4615, and 35:4717. Resource Points: 3.

Raii Capacity: 5 REs per turn.

Airfields: Place 1 permanent airfield at Lappeenranta (35:4318).

Intrinsic AA: None.

Air Unit Repair 2 or less.


  All hexes along Lake Ladoga in Finland (including both hexes of Valamo Island).

  All coastal hexes along the Gulf of Finland from 35:4231 eastward to 35:4617, except:

Level 2:

     Turku (35:4230).

     Hanko (35:4530).

     Kotka (35:4521).

     Hexes 35:4518 and 35:4717.

Level 3:

     Helsinki (35:4526)

NEUTRALITY WATCH REINFORCEMENTS JUNI40

Convert: 1x 0-6 Lt Arm II 1 to:

1x 1-0-8 Arm II                                         1


NEUTRALITY WATCH
Finnish Armed Forces
Active Army. Place as indicated.
Mikkeli (35:4018)

1x 2-6* Rifle X
Suojarvi (35:4008)

1x 0-1-6 Ski II
Hameenlinna (35:4125)

1x 0-6 Lt Arm II
Lappeenranta (35:4318)
lx 2-1-8 Cav X
Helsinki (35:4526)

1x 2-6* Rifle X
3 pts position AA (4 MPs)
Viipuri (35:4517)

1x 2-6* Rifle X
2 pt position AA (4 MPs)

Hex 35:4717
1x 0-1-0 Art II
Hex 35:4714
1x 1-8 Ski III
Hex 35:4815
1x 1-8 Ski ill

Available Corps HQs
6x Rifle XXX HQ


3

SamRR

1

Rv

1


2

SHRT 3-4 J 1-2 J


2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7


Finnish Air Force

Place at any airbases in Finland.

1x C.X                                      1A3            1/8

1x D.XXI                                 3F4            0/6


SEASONAL CONVERSIONS

First Snow Weather Turn from Nov II through Dec II

in Weather Zone B:

Convert: 1x 2-1-8 (or 3-8*) Cav X Rv to:

1x 1-2-8 (or 3-8*) Ski X                         Rv

First Non-Snow Weather Turn from Mar II through Apr II in Weather Zone B:

Convert: 1x 1-2-8 (or 3-8*) Ski X Rv to:

1x 2-1-8 (or 3-8*) Cav X                        Rv

REPLACEMENTS AND RESOURCE POINTS Ground Replacements

Infantry Replacements:

Finland receives infantry replacement points on the *r turn of each month, as indicated below. Finland must own Helsinki in order to receive these replacements.

City                     Inf RPs Period When Available

Helsinki            2              1st-6th months of mobilization

Helsinki            1              7th and subsequent months

Finnish infantry replacement points are used for all units except c/m units.

Armor Replacements:

Finland has no domestic armor replacement points and depends upon foreign aid (if any). Armor replacement points are used for all c/m units.

Air Replacements

Air Replacement Limit: 1.

Initial Air Replacements: None.


Finnish Navy

Naval Units.

Place at any ports in the Baltic Sea Zone in Finland. BD llmar.

BD Vaina.

SS Vete.-1                                                 3x SS

SS Vessiko                                               1xSS

SS Saukko                                                1x SS

Place at any river port in Finland.

1x 1 pt River Flotilla AA=1 Sisa.

Intrinsic Coast Defenses.

Level 1:

• Island hexes 35:4331 and 35:4332.


Resource Points

Finland receives one resource point on the Jan I and Jul I turns of each year once mobilization begins. Resource points are placed at any city in Finland.

MOBILIZATION FORCES

Place as indicated.

Turn 1 (Historical - NOV I 39)

Any cities in Finland within four hexes of the Soviet border from 35:4815 to 35:4714.

1x1-6* Rifle X                                          4

3x 0-1-6 Rifle III                                      MLR, RR, UR



Orders of Battle


Page 9


Any cities in Finland within three hexes of the Soviet border from 35:4510 to 35:3511.


lx 1-2-6 Ski III                                           1/KR

1x 1-6* Ski III                                           2/KR

Any cities in Finland within three hexes of the
Soviet border from 35:3411 to 35:0304.


1x 1-2-6 Ski III                                           1/PKR

2x 1-6* Ski III                                           2/LR, 2/PKR

1x 1-6 Ski III                                             1/LR


Turku (35:4230)

1x 0-1-8 Cycle III                                     TL

Hex 35:4616


2x 0-1-5 Cons III                                       Kan, Kar

Withdraw:


1x 0-1-6 Ski II                                           SamRR


Turn 2 (Historical - NOV II 39)


Oulu (35:2219)

1x 3-4-6* Rifle XX                                    9

Vaasa (35:2828)

1x 2-6 Art III                                              2

1x 1-6 Art III                                              3

Seinajoki (35:3127)

1x 4-5-6 Rifle XX                                       8

Kuopio (35:3417)

1x 3-4-6* Rifle XX                                  13

Jyvaskyla (35:3621)

1x 4-5-6 Rifle XX                                    10

Joensuu (35:3613)

1x 0-1-6 Rifle      III                                  KL

Tampere (35:3825)

1x 4-5-6 Rifle      XX                                6

Sortavala (35:4211)

1x 3-4-6* Rifle XX                                  12

Turku (35:4230)

1x 4-5-6 Rifle XX                                     5

Kouvola (35:4321)

1x 4-5-6 Rifle XX                                     11

Helsinki (35:4526)

1x 4-5-6 Rifle XX                                       4

2x 0-1-6 Rifle III                                                  HL, HaL

Kotka (35:4521)

1x 0-1-8 Cycle III                                     VL

Any Cities in Finland.

1x 1-6 Ski III                                              41

1x 1-6 Rifle III                                          40

1x 0-6 RR Eng III                                  Yhd

Convert: 2x 2-6* Rifle X 1, 2 to:

1x 4-6 Rifle XX                                         1


Turn 4 (Historical - DEC H 39)

Any City in Finland.

lx 3-4-6* Rifle XX                                    22

Activate Intrinsic Coast Defenses: Level 1:

• All hexes of the Aland Islands.


Turn 6 (Historical - JAN II 40)

Any City in Finland.

lx 3-4-6* Rifle XX                                    23

Convert: 1x 0-6 Lt Arm II 1 to:

1x 1-0-8 Arm II                                         1


Turn 8 (Historical - FEB II 40)

Any City in Finland.

1x 3-4-6* Rifle XX                                 21

Turn 10 (Historical - MAR II 40)

Any city in Finland.

1x 1-6 Art II                                              RaskT

Turku (35:4230)

1x 0-1-6 Inf X                                           Sisu(FV)

Increase Intrinsic Coast Defenses to:

Level 2:

• Marienhamn (5C:5021).

Upgrade: 1x 1-6* Ski III any, 1x 1-6 Ski III 41, and 1x 1-6 Rifle III 40 (plus 1 infantry RP) to:

1x 4-5-6 Rifle XX                                    14

REINFORCEMENTS

Reequipments. The reinforcement schedule specifies when the Finnish player may reequip air units, changing the air unit from one model to another. The Finnish player may perform the indicated reequipment in any of his initial phases on or after the turn the reequipment is specified in the order of battle. Remove the original air unit from play and put the new air unit in its place.

If an inoperative air unit is reequipped, the reequipped air unit is automatically repaired.

If an air unit in the replacement pool is reequipped, the reequipped air unit is automatically replaced. The Finnish air replacement limit, however, may not be violated through reequipment in this manner.

Example: "Reequip: 1x any air unit to: 1x Me 109G" allows the Finnish player to reequip, when and if he wants, any one air unit to an Me 109G air unit. If the air unit to be reequipped is in play, remove it and put the Me 109G in its place. If the air unit to be reequipped is in the replacement pool, remove it, and replace the Me 109G.

Conditional Reinforcements Emergency Ground Replacements. Finland may call up its home training forces and civic guards, receiving 5 infantry replacement points (RPs). For each Finnish dot city that is enemy-owned when these replacements are called up, subtract 1 infantiy RP from the allotment. Additionally, if Helsinki is enemy-owned when these replacements are called up, subtract 2 infantry RPs from the allotment Partisans. On the *r turn of each month Finland receives one partisan unit if there are any enemy units inside Finland. Also, for each partisan unit received, the Finnish player may deploy one dummy partisan unit, if any are available. Partisan units (including dummies) are deployed in any hex in Finland that is: a) enemy-owned, b) not occupied by an enemy unit, c) not in an enemy APZOC, and d) not adjacent to a Finnish non-partisan unit. If no such hex is available, the reinforcement is forfeited. Partisans available for deployment:

3x 1-8 Partisan/Ski X                          Karj, Lapin, Savon

6x 1-6 Partisan/Ski X                          KS, Kymen, Pohj,

SH, Turun, Uuden

3x Dummy Partisan Units



Page 10


Orders of Battle


Decommissioning. Finland may decommission its coast defense battleships (BD llmar. and BD Vaina.), thus freeing up personnel for service on land. In any Finnish initial phase in which both ships are in a friendly-owned port, the Finnish player may decommission them and receive the 0-1-5 Nvl Trps III Aalt as a reinforcement. Place the unit in the port of the decommissioned ships. (If the ships are decommissioned in different ports, place the unit in either port.) Mark the decommissioned ships with a blue hit marker to note they are decommissioned. A decommissioned ship cannot move or fire its guns. It may fire AA. It may be repaired if damaged and it may always be scuttled. It is automatically scuttled if an enemy unit gains ownership of its hex. It may be damaged by enemy action, such as taking bombing hits from enemy air units.

1x 0-1-5 Nvl Trps III                               Aalt

Recommissioning. Once decommissioned, the Finnish coast defense battleships (BD llmar. and BD Vaina.) may subsequently be recommissioned. In any Finnish initial phase in which supply lines can be traced from the 0-1-5 Nvl Trps III Aalt and each BD to the same supply source, the ships may be recommissioned. Withdraw the ground unit from play and remove the decommissioned markers from the BDs. The BDs may operate as normal from this phase, the same as other ships. Note: if only one BD remains (for example, the other BD has been scuttled after being decommissioned), it may be recommissioned by itself, per the above procedure. Withdraw:

1x 0-1-5 Nvl Trps III                               Aalt

Foreign Aid

The following forces become available when provided by the indicated country. Air units are indicated as "Reinforcement or Reequip." The first 3 air units from foreign aid appear as reinforcements. The remaining air units from foreign aid are reequipments. For each reequipment, the Finnish player may select any Finnish air unit and reequip it to the indicated air unit.

American Aid.

Reinforcement or Reequip: 1x any air unit to:

1x F2A-1                                  4F3           0/11

American/British Aid.

1x 1-2-6 Inf X                                           LVV(FV)

British Aid.

1 pt position AA (4 MPs)

Reinforcement or Reequip: 1x any air unit to:

1x Blen 1                                3A2           1/14

Reinforcement or Reequip: 1x any air unit to:

1x Glad                                    3F3           0/8

French Aid.

Reinforcement or Reequip: 1x any air unit to:

1x MS.406                              4F5           0/8

Hungarian Aid.

1x 2-3-6 Inf X                                           UVV (FV)

Italian Aid.

1 pt position AA (4 MPs)


Reinforcement or Reequip: 1x any air unit to: 1x G.50                                  3F3             0/8


Swedish Aid.

1x 3-8* Ski X                                            RVV/1 (FV)

1x 3-8* Lt Inf X                                        RVV/2 (FV)

1 pt position AA (4 MPs)


Regular Reinforcements

The following reinforcement schedule is implemented subsequent to Finland concluding a war with the Soviet Union. If Finland does not fight a war with the Soviet Union this reinforcement schedule is ignored.


War's End +1 (Historical - APR I 40)


Hex 35:4529

1x 0-1-0 Art II                                            4 RT

Convert: 1x 1-2-6 Ski III 1/KR to:

2x 0-1-6 Ski II                                           1 Raja,

Convert: 1x 1-2-6 Ski III 1/PKR to:

2x 0-1-6 Ski II                                           3 Raja,

Convert: 1x 1-6 Ski III 1/LR to:

2x 0-1-6 Ski II                                           5 Raja,


2 Raja 4 Raja 6 Raja


War's End +3 (Historical - MAY 140)

Convert: 1x 2-1-8 Cav (or 1-2-8 Ski) X Rv to:

1x 3-8* Cav (or 3-8* Ski) X Rv Convert: 1x 1-8 Ski III 1-2 J and 1x 0-1-8 Cycle III TL to:

1x 3-8* Ski X                                            1 J [1 Jgr]

Convert: 1x 1-8 Ski III 3-4 J and 1x 0-1-8 Cycle ill VL to:

lx 3-8* Ski X                                              2 J [2 Jgr]

Withdraw: All partisans, including those operating in combat mode.


War's End 4-5 (Historical - JUN I 40)

Convert: 2x Rifle XX (any) to:

2x 6-6 Rifle XX                                         1, 2

Convert: 1x Blen 1 (3A2 1/14) to:

1x Blen 1                               3B3             1-2/16

War's End +7 (Historical - JULI 40)

Convert: 2x Rifle XX (any) to:

2x 6-6 Rifle XX                                         3, 4

Convert: 1 pt position AA (4 MPs) to:

1x 0-8 Hv AA II                    AA=1          1

Increase Intrinsic Coast Defenses to:

Level 3:

• Turku (35:4230).

Withdraw: 1 pt position AA (4 MPs)

War's End +9 (Historical - AUG 140)

Convert: 2x Rifle XX (any) to:

2x 6-6 Rifle XX                                         5, 6

Convert: 1x 2-6 Art III 2 fo;

1x 3-2-8 Art ill                                          1-3 R [1-3]

War's End +11 (Historical - SEP I 40)

Convert: 2x Rifle XX (any) to:

2x 6-6 Rifle XX                                         7, 8

Convert: 1 pt position AA (4 MPs) to:

1x 0-8 Hv AA II                    AA«1 3



Orders of Battle


Page 11


Increase Intrinsic Coast Defenses to:

/ ai/a/

     Kotka(35:4521).

Withdraw: 1 pt position A A (4 MPs)

War's End +13 (Historical - OCT 140)

Convert: 2x Rifle XX (any) to:

2x6-6 Rifle XX                                          10, 11

War's End +15 (Historical - NOV I 40)

Convert: 2x Rifle XX (any) fo;

2x 6-6 Rifle XX                                         12, 15

Convert: 1x 1-6 Art III 3 to:

1x 3-2-8 Art III                                          4-6 R [4-6]

Convert: 1 pt position AA (4 MPs) to:

1x 0-8 Hv AA II                      AA=1 4

Activate Intrinsic Coast Defenses:

Level 1:

     Pori (35:3631).

     Rauma (35:3831).

Withdraw: 1 pt position AA (4 MPs)

War's End +17 (Historical - DEC 140)

Convert: 1x Rifle XX (any) to:

1x 6-6 Rifle XX                                         17

War's End +19 (Historical - JAN 141)

Upgrade: 2x Rifle X (any) (1 inf RP) to:

1x 6-6 Rifle XX                                         18

Reequip: 1x any air unit to:

1x 1-153                                 3F3            0/6

Increase Intrinsic Coast Defenses to:

Level 1:

     Vaasa (35:2828).

War's End +21 (Historical - FEB 141)

Convert: 1x 4-5-6 Rifle XX 14 to:

1x 6-6 Rifle XX                                         14

Note: If three rifle/ski regiments have not been
previously upgraded into the 14th Rifle XX, then
ignore the preceding conversion and use the
following upgrade.

Upgrade: 3x Rifle/Ski III (any) (1 inf RP) fo:

1x 6-6 Rifle XX                                         14

War's End +23 (Historical - MAR 141)

Convert: 1 pt position AA (4 MPs) to:

1x 0-8 Hv AA II                      AA=1 5

Upgrade: 3x Rifle/Ski III (any) (1 inf RP) to:

1x 6-6 Rifle XX                                         19

Withdraw: 1 pt position AA (4 MPs)

War's End +25 (Historical - APR I 41)

Convert: 3x 0-1-6 Rifle III HL, HaL, KL to:

1x 1-6* Rifle III                                        YMV

2x 1-6 Rifle III                                          14, 61

Convert: lx 1-6 Art II RaskT to:

1x 4-3-8 Art III                                          1-3 Ja [Hv]

Convert: 1x 1-0-8 Arm II 1 fo:

1x 1-8 Arm II


ADDITIONAL FOREIGN AID
German Aid. Finland may receive the following
foreign aid from Germany, on any turns on or after
the indicated year. Germany, however, may not send
any foreign aid to Finland if the following two
conditions prevail: 1) the Nazi-Soviet Pact is in
force, and 2) Finland is at war with the Soviet
Union. Some German aid is conditional and is
ignored if the specified conditions are not met.

1940

4 pts position AA (4 MPs)

Reequip: 1x any air unit to:

1x Hawk 75A                         4F5           1/10 [Hawk 75]

Conditions: Germany must have conquered both
France and Norway in order to supply this aid.
Reequip: 1x any air unit to:

lx Ju 88A                                 4B5           3-5/26

Reequip: 1x any air unit to:

1x SB-2                                    2A2           1-1/16

Conditions: Germany must be at war with (or have
conquered) the Soviet Union in order to supply this
aid.

Air Replacement:
lx MS.406

Conditions: Germany must have conquered France
in order to supply this aid.

1943

Reequip: 1x any air unit to:

1x Me 109G                            7F6          2/9

1944

Reequip: 1x any air unit to:

1x Me 109G                            7F6          2/9

Reequip: lx any air unit fo:

1x Me 109G                            7F6          2/9

Air Replacement:

1x Me 109G

1945

Air Replacements:

1x Ju 88A
1x Me 109G

ADDITIONAL REINFORCEMENTS

The following reinforcement schedules are
implemented subsequent to Finland concluding a
war with the Soviet Union. If Finland does not fight
a war with the Soviet Union these reinforcement
schedules are ignored.

Additional Conditional Reinforcements
New War +12 (Historical - DEC II41)

If Finland is in a new war (such as another war with
the Soviet Union), the following occurs on the 12th
turn of that war.

Withdraw:

lx 6-6 Rifle XX                                         19

New War +19 (Historical - APR 142)

If Finland is in a new war (such as another war with
the Soviet Union), the following occurs on the 19th

turn of that war.

Vaasa (35:2828)
lx 1-6 Rifle II


1


RuVa [Vol]



Page 12


Orders of Battle


Convert: 2x 2-6* Rifle Cdr 6,12 to:

2x3-6* Rifle X                                         3,12

Estonian Volunteers.

FEB I 44 Arrival. If Finland is at war with the Soviet Union and all cities (including point cities) in Estonia are free of Soviet ownership, the following unit appears in any Finnish-owned city in Finland on Feb I 44:

1x 2-6* Rifle III                                       200 VV [JR 200]

Departure. After the appearance of the Estonian volunteer unit, the unit may depart Finland. If at the start of a Finnish initial phase the Soviet Union owns at least one city (including point cities) in Estonia, transfer to Estonia: lx 2-6* Rifle III                           200 W [JR 200}


Intrinsic Coast Defenses

Reactivation of Hanko Area Coast Defenses. Four

turns after Finland regains ownership of Hanko

(35:4530):

Activate intrinsic Coast Defenses:

Level 2:

     Hanko (35:4530).

Withdraw:

1x 0-1-0 Art II                                           4 RT

Reactivation of Viipuri Area Coast Defenses. Four turns after Finland regains ownership of Viipuri and hex 35:4815:

Activate Intrinsic Coast Defenses:

Level 1:

     Hexes 35:4518, 35:4617, and 35:4717.

Level 2:

     Viipuri (35:4517).

Reactivation of Northern Lake Ladoga Coast Defenses. Four turns after Finland regains ownership of Kakisalmi (35:4514), Sortavala (35:4211), Pitkaranta (35:4310), and both hexes of Valamo Island (35:4311/4312):

Activate Intrinsic Coast Defenses:

Level 1:

     All hexes along Lake Ladoga inside 1939 Finland (including both hexes of Valamo Island).

Activation of Southeastern Lake Ladoga Coast Defenses. Four turns after Finland gains ownership of hex 35:4808:

Activate Intrinsic Coast Defenses:

Level 1:

     All hexes along the eastern shore of Lake Ladoga from 35:4509 to 35:4808.

Activation of Central Lake Onega Coast Defenses. Four turns after Finland gains ownership of Petrozavodsk (35:4305):

Activate Intrinsic Coast Defenses:

Level 1:

     All hexes along the western shore of Lake Onega from 35:4204 to 35:4404.

Activation of Southern Lake Onega Coast Defenses. Four turns after Finland gains ownership of hex 35:4703:


Activate intrinsic Coast Defenses:

Level 1:

     All hexes along the western shore of Lake
Onega from 35:4504 to 35:4703.

Activation of Northern Lake Onega Coast Defenses.
Four turns after Finland gains ownership of both
Kondopoga (35:4104) and Medvezhyegorsk (35:3704):
Activate Intrinsic Coast Defenses:

Level 1:

     All hexes along the western shore of Lake Onega
from 35:4104 to 35:3704, including 35:4202.

Activation of Suur Island Coast Defenses. Four
turns after Finland regains ownership of both hexes
of Suur Island (35:4621/4721):

Activate Intrinsic Coast Defenses:

Level 1:

     Both hexes of Suur Island (35:4621/4721).

Conversion of Lake Onega Intrinsic Coast Defenses.
Provided the Central, Southern, and Northern Lake
Onega intrinsic coast defenses have previously been
activated, the intrinsic coast defenses may be
replaced by the following unit
Petrozavodsk (35:4305)

1x 1-2-6 Art X                                          AanRT

Conversion of Lake Ladoga Intrinsic Coast
Defenses. Provided the Northern and Southeastern
Lake Ladoga intrinsic coast defenses have
previously been activated, the intrinsic coast
defenses may be replaced by the following unit:
Sortavala (35:4211)

lx 2-3-6 Art X                                           LaaRT

Additional Regular Reinforcements
APR I 42

Convert: 1x 1-8 Arm II 1 to:

1x2-10 Arm X                                          1

NOV I 42

Air Replacement:

1x D.XXI

APR I 43

Any Finnish-owned city in Finland.

1x 1-6 Rifle III                                          101

JUNI43

Any Finnish-owned city in Finland.

1x3-6* Rifle X                                           15

JULI43

Air Replacement:

1x Blen 1

AUG I 43

Convert: 1x 2-10 Arm X 1 to:

1x 2-10* Arm X                                        1/1

Convert: 1x 3-8* Ski X 1 J to:

1x3-10* Mech X                                      1/1  PJ

Convert: 1x 3-8* Ski X 2 J to:

1x3-10* Mech X                                      1/2  PJ

Place the following unit in its box on the Unit

Breakdown Chart.

1x8-10 Arm XX


1



Orders of Battle


Page 13


DEC I 43

Any Finnish-owned cities in Finland.

3x 3-6* Rifle X                                         19, 20, 21

Withdraw:

1x 3-6* Rifle X                                         12

1x 1-6 Rifle III                                          101

JULI 44

Convert: 4x 0-1-6 Ski II (any) to:

1x 2-3-6* Ski X                                        RJ

Convert: 1x MS.406 (4F5 0/8) to: lx M Moranni                                 5F5       0/8

SEP I 44

Reequip: 1x any air unit to:

1x Myrsky II                         5F5             0/5

Special Note on Scorched Earth Counters Some of the Finnish unit IDs in this Europa order of battle differ slightly from the IDs appearing on the Fire in the East and Scorched Earth Finnish counters. Where different, the FitE/SE unit ID appears in bracketed italics to the right of the Europa ID.

Finnish Breakdowns

6-6 Rifle XX 1x 6 Rifle XX HQ 1x 3-6 Rifle X 1x 2-6 Ski X 4-5-6 Rifle XX 1x 6 Rifle XX HQ 2x 1-2-6 Rifle III 1x 1-6 Ski III 3-4-6* Rifle XX 1x 6* Rifle XX HQ 1x 1-2-6 Rifle III 1x 1-6 Rifle III 1x 1-6 Ski III 8-10 Arm XX 1x10 Arm XX HQ 1x 2-10 Arm X 2x 3-10 Mech X

FINNISH UNIT IDs.

Names and Abbreviations

Capital:

Fin. Finland

Armed Forces:

Aalt         Aaltoinen [Surging Wave]

AanRT Aanisen Rannikotykist EOnegan Coast Artillery] Blen        Blenheim

Glad       Gladiator

HL            Helsinkin Lohko [Helsinki Sector]

HaL         Hankon Lohko [Hanko Sector]

Umar, llmarinen [one of two main heroes in epic 'Kalevala']

J               Jaakari [Light Infantry]

Ja             Jarea [Superheavy]

Kan         Kannaksen Armeija [Kannaksen Army,

named after isthmus between Lake Ladoga and Gulf of Finland]

Kar          Karjalan Armeija [Karelian Army]


Karj Karjalan Sotilaspiiri [Karelian Military District]

KL Kotkan Lohko [Kotka Sector]

KR Karjalan Ryhma [Karelian Area]

KS Keski-Suomen Sotilaspiiri [Central Finland Military District]

Kymen Kymenlaakson Sotilaspiiri (Ten Thousand Valleys Military District]

LaaRT Laatokkan Rannikotykist [Ladogan Coast Artillery]

Lapin Lapin Sotilaspiiri [Lapland Military District] LR Lapin Ryhma [Lapland Area]

MLR Muolaan-Lipolan Ryhma [Muolaa-Lipola Area] M Moranni Morko Moranni ['Bugbear* Morane] Myrsky [Tempest]

PJ Panssari Jaakari [Armored Infantry]

PKR Pohjois-Karjalan Ryhma [Northern Karelia Area]

Pohj Pohjanmaan Sotilaspiiri ['Northland' or East Bothnia Military District]

Raja        Rajavartiosto [Frontier Guard]

R               Raskas [heavy]

RaskT Raskas Taydennys [heavy training]

RJ             Rajajaakar [Frontier Infantry]

RR            Raudun Ryhma [Raudu Area]

RT             Rannikotykist [coast artillery]

RuVa       Ruotsalainen Vapaaehtoisesti [Swedish

Volunteers]

Rv             Ratsuvaki [Cavalry]

SamRR Samin Rajavartiosto [Samin Frontier Guard Area]

Savon Savon Sotilaspiiri [Savon Military District] Sisa Sisavesilaivasto [Inland Waters Flotilla] Saukko                    [Otter]

SH Satakunnan-Hameen Sotilaspiiri [Hundred Towns-Hameen Military District]

SHRT       Saarenpaan-Humaljokin Rannikotykist

[Saarenpaa-Humaljoki Coast Artillery]

TL              Turun Lohko [Turku Sector]

Turun      Turun Sotilaspiiri [Turku Military District]

UR            Uudenkirkon Ryhma [Newchurch Area]

Uuden Uudenmaan Sotilaspiiri [Newland Military District]

Vaina.     Vainamoinen [one of two main heroes in

epic 'Kalevala']

Vessiko    Vessikko [mink]

Vete.       Vetehinen [one of three main demons

serving sea god in epic 'Kalevala']

VL             Viipurin Lohko [Viipuri Sector]

VV             Virolainen Vapaaehtoisesti [Estonian

Volunteers]

Yhd          Yhdistetty [composite]

YMV         Yhdistetty Merivoimat Varat [composite

naval assets]

Foreign     Volunteers:

UVV          Unkarilainen Vapaaehtoinen Voima

[Hungarian Volunteer Force]

Sisu         ['Guts'/fighting spirit]

RVV          Ruotsalainen Vapaaehtoinen Voima

[Swedish Volunteer Force]

LVV          Lantinen Vapaaehtoinen Voima

[Western Volunteer Force]



Page 14


Orders of Battle


EUROPA ORDER OF BATTLE
ESTONIA, 1939-40


INITIAL FORCES, SEP I 39 Initial Conditions:

Capital: Place in Tallinn (1C:0711).

Rail Capacity: 1 RE per turn.

Intrinsic AA: Per chart.

Air Unit Repair. 1 or less.

NEUTRALITY WATCH Estonian Armed Forces

Active Army. Place in any cities, including point cities, in Estonia. Place at least 1 RE in each reference city and 3 REs in Tallinn. Place no more


than 1 unit per point city.

1x 0-1-5 BdrX                                           1

3x 1-6 Inf III                                              1, 7, Eesti

1x 1-8 Cav III                                            1

1x 1-0-8 Lt Arm II                                    1

1x 0-5 Cons III                                         1

Garrison. When the garrison of Estonia is activated,
place in Tallinn (1C:0711).

1x 1-8 Inf II                                               Tal

Available Army HQ.

1x Inf XXXX HQ                                       E

Estonian Navy

Naval Units.

Place at any ports in Estonia.

TB Sulev                                                     1x TB

SS Kalev-1                                                . 2x SS

Place at any river port in Estonia.

1x 1 pt RF                               AA=1 Pps

Intrinsic Coast Defenses.

Lai/p/

•Tallinn (1C:0711).


REPLACEMENTS.

Estonia receives 1 infantry replacement point (RP) on the "\" turn of each month, for any one 6-month period from Jan I 40. Estonia must own Tallinn in order to receive these RPs. Note: Estonia has no domestic armor RPs and depends upon foreign aid (if any).

City                      Inf RPs

Tallinn                      1

Estonian infantry RPs are used for all units except light armored units.


MOBILIZATION FORCES Turn 1


Place in any cities, including point cities, in Estonia. Place no more than 1 unit per city.

5x 2-6* Inf X                                              Kure, PVil, PVor,


Valga, Voru

Convert: 1x 1-6 Inf III 1 to:

1x 2-6* Inf X                                              Narva

Convert: lx 1-6 Inf III 7 to:

1x 2-6* Inf X                                              Tartu

Convert: 1x 1-6 Inf III Eesti to:

1x 2-6* Inf X                                             Harju


Turn 2

Place in any cities, including point cities, in Estonia. Place no more than 1 unit per city.

1x 1-8 Cav 111                                       2

2x 1-6 Art III                                             2, 4

1 pt position AA (4 MPs)

REINFORCEMENTS Conditional Reinforcements Emergency Ground Replacements. Estonia may call up its training establishment and home guards, receiving them as infantry RPs. If Tallinn is enemy- owned when these replacements are called up, subtract 2 infantry RPs from the allotment.

6 infantry RPs


Regular Reinforcements

None.

 

Intrinsic AA Chart

Feature

AA

Dot City

1

ESTONIAN UNIT IDs. Names and Abbreviations

Capital:

Est.

Estonia

Armed Forces:

E

Eestimaa (Estonia)

Eesti

(Estonian)

Harju

(city)

Kalev

("finned fish")

Kure

Kuresarre (city)

Narva

(city)

Pps

Peipsijarv (Lake Peipus)

PVil

Parnu-Viljandi (cities)

PVor

Petseri-Vori (cities)

Sulev

(shark?)

Tal

Tallinn (city)

Tartu

(city)

Valga

(city)

Voru

(city)


Orders of Battle


Page 15


EUROPA ORDER OF BATTLE
LATVIA, 1939-40

INITIAL FORCES, SEP I 39 Initial Conditions:

Capital: Place in Riga (1C:1816).

Rail Capacity: 1 RE per turn.

Intrinsic AA: Per chart.

Air Unit Repair: 1 or less.

NEUTRALITY WATCH Latvian Armed Forces

Active Army. Place in any cities, including point cities, in Latvia. Place at least 1 RE in each reference city and 3 REs in Riga. Place no more than 1 cadre per city.


4x 1-6* Inf Cadre                (4-5-6)

1, 2, 3, 4

1x 1-8 Cav III

1

1x 0-1-5 Bdr ill

1

1x 0-5 Cons III

1

Garrison. When the garrison of Latvia is activated,

place in Riga (1C:1816).

1x 1-5 Pol X

1

Available Corps HQ.

2x Inf XXX HQs

1.2

Latvian Air Force

Place at any airbase in Latvia:

1x Mxd                                     3F2

1/8

Latvian Navy

Naval Units.

Place at any port in Latvia.

SS Ronis-1

2x SS

Intrinsic Coast Defenses.

Level 1:

•Riga (1C:1816).

REPLACEMENTS.

Ground Replacements.

Latvia receives 1 infantry replacement point (RP) on the m\m turn of each month, for any one 6-month period from Jan I 40. Latvia must own Riga in order to receive these RPs. Note: Latvia has no domestic armor RPs and depends upon foreign aid (if any).

City                        Inf RPs

Riga                            1

Latvian infantry RPs are used for all units except light armored units.

Air Replacements.

Air Replacement Limit: 1

Available Air Replacements: None. Note: Latvia has no domestic air replacements and depends upon foreign aid (if any).

MOBILIZATION FORCES Turn 1

Place in any cities, including point cities, in Latvia. Place no more than 1 unit per city.

1x 2-1-8 Lt Arm X                                    1

1x 1-8 Cav III                                            2

1x 1-6 Art III                                              1


Mobilize: 4x 1-6* Inf Cadre (4-5-6) 1, 2, 3, 4 fo;

4x 4-5-6 Inf XX                                          1, 2, 3, 4

Convert: 1x 0-1-5 Bdr III 1 to:

1x 3-6* Bdr X                                            1

Turn 2

Place in any cities, including point cities, in Latvia. Place no more than 1 unit per city.

3x 2-3-6 Inf XX                                          5, 6, 7

REINFORCEMENTS

Conditional Reinforcements Emergency Ground Replacements. Latvia may call up its training establishment and home guards, receiving them as infantry RPs. If Riga is enemy- owned when these replacements are called up, subtract 3 infantry RPs from the allotment 8 infantry RPs

Regular Reinforcements

None.

Intrinsic AA Chart

Feature                                       AA

Partial Hex City                       2

LATVIAN UNIT IDs.

Names and Abbreviations

Capital:

Lat.          Latvia

Armed Forces:

Mxd          Mixed

Ronis ?



Page 16


Orders of Battle


EUROPA ORDER OF BATTLE
LITHUANIA, 1939-40

INITIAL FORCES, SEP I 39 Initial Conditions:

Capital: Place in Kaunas (1C:2818).

Rail Capacity: 1 RE per turn.

Intrinsic AA: Per chart.

Air Unit Repair: 1 or less.

NEUTRALITY WATCH

Lithuanian Armed Forces

Active Army. Place in any cities, including point

cities, in Lithuania. Place at least 1 RE in each

reference city and 3 REs in Kaunas. Place no more


than 1 unit per point city.

3x 1-6* Inf X                                             1, 2, 3

1x 2-8 Cav X                                              1

1x 1-5 Bdr X                                              1

1x 1-0-8 Lt Arm II                                    1

Garrison. When the garrison of Lithuania is
activated, place in Kaunas (1C:2818).

lx 0-1-5 Pol X                                            1

Available Corps HQ.

2x Inf XXX HQs                                        1,2

Lithuanian Air Force

Place at any airbase in Lithuania.

1x Mxd                                    3F2            0/8

Lithuanian Navy

Place in coastal hex 1C:2024.

DE Smtona                                                1x DE


REPLACEMENTS.

Ground Replacements.

Lithuania receives 1 infantry replacement point (RP) on the m\m turn of each month, for any one 6-month period from Jan I 40. Lithuania must own Kaunas in order to receive these RPs. Note: Lithuania has no domestic armor RPs and depends upon foreign aid (if any).

City                        Inf RPs

Kaunas                     1

Lithuanian infantry RPs are used for all units except light armored units.

Air Replacements.

Air Replacement Limit: 1

Available Air Replacements: None. Note: Lithuania has no domestic air replacements and depends upon foreign aid (if any).


Turn 2

Place in any cities, including point cities, in Lithuania. Place no more than 1 unit per city.

1x 2-3-6 Inf XX                                         4

1x 1-2-6 Inf XX                                         5

1 pt position AA (4 MPs)

REINFORCEMENTS

Conditional Reinforcements Emergency Ground Replacements. Lithuania may call up its training establishment and home guards, receiving them as infantry RPs. If Kaunas is enemy- owned when these replacements are called up, subtract 3 infantry RPs from the allotment.

7 infantry RPs

Foreign Aid

On or after Jul I 40, Lithuania receives the following air reinforcement if it receives British aid.

1x Blen 1                              3B3             1-2/16

Regular Reinforcements

None.

Army Expansion (Optional)

Lithuania did not use its military resources to their full extent. (For example, of the 250,000 men Lithuania could mobilize, only about half were trained reservists.) Assuming that Lithuania did make more use of its military resources, use the following forces.

Turn 2 Mobilization Substitute: for 1x 1-2-6 Inf XX 5:

1x 2-3-6 Inf XX                                         5

Add:

2x 2-3-6 Inf XX                                         6, 7

Intrinsic AA Chart

Feature                                       AA

Dot City                                       1

LITHUANIAN UNIT IDs Names and Abbreviations.

Capital:

Lith.         Lithuania

Armed Forces:

Blen         Blenheim

Mxd         Mixed

Smtona Antanas Smetona ("People's Leader of Lithuania")


MOBILIZATION FORCES
Turn 1

Place in any cities, including point cities, in
Lithuania. Place no more than 1 unit per city.

1x2-8 Cav X                                           2

1x 2-6 Art III                                            1

Mobilize: 3x 1-6* Inf X 1, 2, 3 to;

3x 3-4-6 Inf XX


1, 2,3